|
  | ||
|
| ||
Many independent women's networks and organizations have emerged to improve employment and living conditions and increase women's representation in government (Russian UN-NGO, 1996). Women's economic and business associations provide training in marketing and accessing credit and capital, advance supportive policies, and work to eliminate legal and regulatory barriers. The research is based on data collected by such women's organizations-the Ural Women's Association (UWA), and other member organizations of the Confederation of Business Women of Russia (CBWR)-in collaboration with the U.S.-based National Foundation for Women Business Owners (NFWBO).
Research Methods
In 1995, representatives of NFWBO, the UWA, and other member organizations of the CBWR, met in Yekaterinburg to plan a survey of Russian women business owners (NFWBO, 1996). Their goal was to identify problems, challenges, business characteristics, plans, and expectations. Survey questions were formulated to provide information of interest to the respondents, women contemplating business ownership, government officiais, the news media, and academicians. A 10-page questionnaire was finalized in late 1995. Data collection was supported by a grant from the International Research and Exchanges Board, with funds provided by the U.S. Department of State (Title VIII). For purpose of comparison, findings reported in an executive summary of a similar survey conducted in 1994 by NFWBO in the U.S. will be drawn upon (NFWBO, 1996).